Indian Constitutional Safeguards to ensure justice to the weaker segments of the society.

The Indian Constitution is a remarkable document that enshrines the values of democracy, equality and justice for all its citizens. It also recognizes the historical and social realities of India, where certain sections of the society have been oppressed and marginalized for centuries. Therefore, it provides various safeguards to ensure justice to the weaker segments of the society, especially the Scheduled Castes (SCs) and the Scheduled Tribes (STs), who have faced untouchability, discrimination and exploitation.

One of the most important constitutional safeguards is Article 17, which abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form. Untouchability is a social evil that denies human dignity and rights to a large section of people based on their birth in a particular caste. Article 17 makes untouchability a punishable offence and empowers the state to enact laws to prevent and eradicate it.

Another constitutional safeguard is Article 46, which mandates the state to promote the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, particularly SCs and STs. The state has to protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation. This article aims to uplift them from their backwardness and enable them to participate in the development process. To achieve this objective, Article 15(4) empowers the state to make special provisions for their advancement in education. This article enables the state to reserve seats for SCs in educational institutions.

Article 335 is another constitutional safeguard that takes into consideration the claims of SCs and STs in services and posts in connection with the affairs of the union or a state. This article ensures that they get adequate representation in public employment without compromising efficiency. Reservation of seats for SCs and STs is also provided in various elected bodies such as panchayats (Article 243D), municipalities (Article 243T), House of People (Article 330) and Legislative Assemblies (Article 332). These articles aim to enhance their political empowerment and voice.

Thus, these are some of the constitutional safeguards that ensure justice to the weaker segments of society in India. They reflect the commitment of the constitution makers to create an inclusive and egalitarian society where everyone has equal rights and opportunities.

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